Apple’sMacBook Airis one of the most versatile laptops on Earth. From its aluminum unibody construction to its ultra-efficientmacOSoperating system and solid-state drive (SSD) with no moving parts, the laptop was built with durability in mind.

Keep reading to learn how to troubleshoot three common issues with MacBook Airs: sluggish startup speed, poor WiFi connectivity, and slow performance.

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MacBook Air M3 13-inch

The MacBook Air carries over the redesigned body of the M2 MacBook Air and upgrades the laptop with a more powerful M3 chip that supports dual monitors and features like ray tracing.

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Slow MacBook Air performance

Why your MacBook Air slows down

The MacBook Air can occasionally become sluggish due to various factors, including the number of background processes launched, outdated hardware, excess cached data, and multiple applications running simultaneously.

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How to fix slow MacBook Air performance

Manage background processes and memory leaks

One of the best ways to speed up a sluggish MacBook Air is to eliminate as many background processes as possible viaActivity Monitor. This built-in macOS utility lets you see how much of your computer’s resources (e.g., memory and disk usage) are being taken up by running applications.

To access Activity Monitor, click theFindericon, go toApplications, double-click on theUtilityfolder, launch the Activity Monitor. You can also pressCommand + Spacebar, typeActivity Monitor, and pressEnter.

15 inch MacBook Air M3-2

Once you access Activity Monitor, navigate to theCPUtab and look for processes consuming a high percentage of CPU resources. To close them, double-click on the process and quit it.

To turn off apps with high memory usage, visitActivity Monitor>Memory. From there, sort columns bymemory usageand quit/restart or delete unnecessary apps that consume too much memory relative to the others.

A Tablet against a purple background.

Update macOS and applications

One often overlooked reason for sluggish MacBook Air performance is running an outdated macOS version that doesn’t include the latest security updates at the operating system and application levels.

To update your macOS to the latest version, go to theApplemenu >System Preferences>Software Update.

15 inch MacBook Air M3-6

To update all applications to the latest version on your macOS, visit theApp Store>Updatestab and update all apps.

Outdated hardware

Another reason for the MacBook Air’s sluggish performance is an outdated hard drive or limited RAM. Your RAM (Random Access Memory) allows for optimized temporary data storage. The more RAM you have, the faster your MacBook Air is.

At a minimum, you should be running 16GB RAM, which is capable of handling the most demanding applications and tasks.

15 inch MacBook Air M3-4

Note: RAM upgrades are possible for older MacBook Airs (before 2013). Versions post-2013 have soldered RAM modules, so you’ll need to purchase a new MacBook Air if you want to add RAM.

Removing unnecessary startup programs and freeing up disk space

Sometimes, your MacBook Air can be bogged down by programs that automatically start upon booting.

To manage startup programs, visitSpotlight> type in ‘Login Items’ and scroll down toAllow in the Backgroundwhich displays a list of all applications that run tasks even when the application is not open, e.g., syncing data, which can bog down your system over time. To turn off each application, drag its slider to theOffposition.

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MacBook Air Wi-Fi connectivity issues

Keep your signal strong at all times

Sometimes, your MacBook Air may have trouble getting online. Various factors, such as outdated drivers, router issues, software glitches, or even network congestion in your neighborhood, could cause Wi-Fi connectivity problems.

Reset network settings

Reestablishing your MacBook Air’s network settings is one of the quickest fixes for sluggish Wi-Fi performance.

To reset your MacBook Air’s network settings, go toSystem Settings>Network>Wi-Fi. From there, navigate to theDetailstab beside your network’s name and clickForget This Network.

After that, restart your MacBook Air and reconnect to your preferred Wi-Fi network by typing in your password.

Checking router configuration

Incorrect router configuration can wreak havoc on your MacBook Air’s Wi-Fi performance. Issues include signal interference (e.g., incorrect setting to a crowded 2.4 GHz channel), outdated WEP instead of WPA3 security settings, IP address conflicts, bandwidth limitations, firmware issues, and more.

Restart your router by unplugging it, waiting a minute, and plugging it back in for the quickest fix.

Changing your Wi-Fi channel

To change your Wi-Fi channel, visitSpotlight, type inAirportUtility,‘select the base station you want to change, and clickEdit.

From there, clickWireless>Wireless Optionsand choose from either the2.4 GHz Channelor5 GHz Channelpop-up menus.

ClickSave>Updateto save all changes.

Running wireless diagnostics

One of the best features of macOS is its wireless diagnostic tools, which help you identify issues quickly.

To access it, hold down theOptionkey, click theWi-Fi iconin the menu bar, and clickOpen Wireless Diagnostics. Follow the prompts to identify and fix the problem.

Optimizing router location

Another reason your Wi-Fi can become sluggish is the suboptimal router location.

As a best practice, place it far away from other electronic devices that can interfere with signal quality. Also, opt for the5GHz bandinstead of the2.4GHz bandfor faster performance.

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MacBook Air startup issues

The need for speed

A third common issue with Apple’s MacBook Air is startup problems. Stalled or sluggish startup can be due to various problems, such as defective hard drives, limited RAM, or malfunctioning hardware that can reduce speed.

Turn on Safe Mode

Setting your MacBook Air to safe mode allows it to diagnose software-related issues. You can quickly identify the system files and drivers that need work.

To enter Safe Mode, restart your MacBook Air and hold the Shift key until the login window appears. When you see the login window, release the shift key.

macOS performs a series of checks during Safe Mode to help diagnose and treat issues. System checks include repairing your directory structure, deleting system caches to remove corrupted cache files, and allowing you to identify defective third-party software and drivers.

By following the steps in Safe Mode, you’ll be able to identify which third-party software or drivers are causing the issue and take steps to resolve it accordingly.

Run Disk Utility

To diagnose and troubleshoot issues with your startup disk, you need to runDisk Utility. This utility can repair system files and errors on your startup disk, which can cause your MacBook Air to act up during startup.

To open Disk Utility,restartyour MacBook Air >Hold Command (⌘) + Rimmediately upon restart to enterRecovery Mode>Select Disk Utility> Choose your startup disk from the list > ClickFirst Aidand follow the on-screen steps.

Reinstall macOS

If you feel your MacBook Air needs a fresh start due to persistent issues, you can reinstall macOS.

Once you have backed up all of your data using external storage or Apple’s Time Machine, follow the steps below:

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Additional tips for maintaining your MacBook Air

Use antivirus software

Antivirus software is one of the best ways to keep problems at bay.

I highly recommend usingBitdefender AntivirusorIntego Mac Internet Security X9, which offers excellent malware detection, privacy protection, webcam security, and even remote management on several devices.

Although macOS is more secure than Microsoft Windows, keeping antivirus software handy is always a good idea.

Maintain backups

I highly recommend backing up all of your data regularly.

Two ways to maintain backups on your MacBook Air includeTime MachineandiCloud.

Time Machine is a built-in backup system for macOS that offers backups of all your files and operating system settings. It also offers versioned backups, automatic backups, and system recovery in case your laptop crashes. However, note that Time Machine requires external storage.

The second option is iCloud, Apple’s cloud-based storage solution. With iCloud, you can access your files from anywhere as long as you have an internet connection. The benefits of using iCloud include automatic syncing, selective backups, and data security with full encryption to help prevent unauthorized access. However, keep in mind that it comes with storage limits. With tiered versions, the more storage space you buy, the more expensive it is.

Overall, we highly recommend using either method to keep your most important data safe at all times.

Clean your MacBook Air

One of the best ways to preserve your MacBook Air is by regularly cleaning it. Try to avoid dust and debris buildup on your keys and trackpad, which can degrade surfaces over time. An ideal cleaning kit should include an air compressor and a microfiber cloth, a soft brush, and safe electronics cleaning solution.